title | summary | category |
---|---|---|
TiDB-Binlog Cluster User Guide |
Learn how to deploy, operate, and monitor the cluster version of TiDB-Binlog. |
tools |
This document introduces the architecture and the deployment of TiDB-Binlog of the cluster version. If you want to use the local or Kafka version of TiDB-Binlog, see the deployment document for TiDB-Binlog of the local version and the deployment document for TiDB-Binlog of the Kafka version.
TiDB-Binlog is an enterprise tool used to collect the binlog data of TiDB and provide real-time backup and synchronization.
TiDB-Binlog has the following features:
- Data synchronization: synchronize the data in the TiDB cluster to other databases
- Real-time backup and restoration: back up the data in the TiDB cluster and restore the TiDB cluster when the cluster fails
The TiDB-Binlog architecture is as follows:
The TiDB-Binlog cluster is composed of Pump and Drainer.
Pump is used to record the binlogs generated in TiDB, sort the binlogs based on the commit time of the transaction, and send binlogs to Drainer for consumption.
Drainer collects and merges binlogs from each Pump, converts the binlog to SQL or data of a specific format, and synchronizes the data to the downstream.
- Multiple Pumps form a cluster which can scale out horizontally.
- TiDB uses the built-in Pump Client to send the binlog to each Pump.
- Pump stores binlogs and sends the binlogs to Drainer in order.
- Drainer reads binlogs of each Pump, merges and sorts the binlogs, and sends the binlogs to the downstream.
Pump and Drainer can be deployed and run on common 64-bit hardware server platforms with the Intel x86-64 architecture.
The server hardware requirements for development, testing, and the production environment are as follows:
Service | The Number of Servers | CPU | Disk | Memory |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pump | 3 | 8 core+ | SSD, 200 GB+ | 16G |
Drainer | 1 | 8 core+ | SAS, 100 GB+ (If you need to output a local file, use SSD and increase the disk size) | 16G |
- You need to use TiDB v2.0.8-binlog, v2.1.0-rc.5 or the later version. Otherwise, the TiDB cluster is not compatible with the cluster version of TiDB-Binlog.
- When TiDB is running, you need to guarantee that at least one Pump is running normally.
- To enable TiDB-Binlog, add the
enable-binlog
startup parameter to TiDB. - Drainer does not support the
rename
DDL operation on the table ofignore schemas
(the schemas in the filter list). - If you want to start Drainer in the existing TiDB cluster, generally, you need to make a full backup of the cluster data, obtain
savepoint
, import the data to the target database, and then start Drainer to synchronize the incremental data fromsavepoint
. - Drainer supports synchronizing binlogs to MySQL, TiDB, Kafka or the local files. If you need to synchronize binlogs to other destinations, you can set Drainer to synchronize the binlog to Kafka and read the data in Kafka for customization processing. See Binlog Slave Client User Guide.
- If TiDB-Binlog is used for recovering the incremental data, you can set the downstream to
pb
to synchronize the binlog data to the local file and then use Reparo to recover the incremental data. - Pump/Drainer has two states:
paused
andoffline
. If you press Ctrl + C or kill the process, both Pump and Drainer becomepaused
. The paused Pump do not need to send all the binlog data to Drainer. If you need to exit from Pump for a long period of time (or do not use Pump any more), usebinlogctl
to make Pump offline. The same goes for Drainer. - If the downstream is MySQL/TiDB, you can use sync-diff-inspector to verify the data after data synchronization.
This section shows two methods of deploying TiDB-Binlog:
It is recommended to deploy TiDB-Binlog using TiDB-Ansible. If you just want to do a simple testing, you can deploy TiDB-Binlog using Binary.
-
Use the TiDB user account to log in to the central control machine and go to the
/home/tidb
directory. The information about the branch of TiDB-Ansible and the corresponding TiDB version is as follows. If you have questions regarding which version to use, email to [email protected] for more information or file an issue.TiDB-Ansible Branch TiDB Version Note release-2.0-new-binlog 2.0 version the latest stable version; can be used in the production environment release-2.1 2.1 version the latest 2.1 RC version; it is not recommended to use this version in the production environment master master version contains the latest features; updated daily -
Use the following command to download the corresponding branch of TiDB-Ansible from the TiDB-Ansible project on GitHub. The default folder name is
tidb-ansible
.-
Download the 2.0 version:
$ git clone -b release-2.0-new-binlog https://github.com/pingcap/tidb-ansible.git
-
Download the 2.1 version:
$ git clone -b release-2.1 https://github.com/pingcap/tidb-ansible.git
-
Download the master version:
$ git clone https://github.com/pingcap/tidb-ansible.git
-
-
Modify the
tidb-ansible/inventory.ini
file.-
Set
enable_binlog = True
to startbinlog
of the TiDB cluster.## binlog trigger enable_binlog = True
-
Add the deployment machine IPs for
pump_servers
.## Binlog Part [pump_servers] 172.16.10.72 172.16.10.73 172.16.10.74
Pump retains the data of the latest 5 days by default. You can modify the value of the
gc
variable in thetidb-ansible/conf/pump.yml
file and remove the related comments. Take modifying the variable value to 7 as an example:global: # an integer value to control the expiry date of the binlog data, which indicates for how long (in days) the binlog data would be stored # must be bigger than 0 gc: 7
Make sure the space of the deployment directory is sufficient for storing Binlog. For more details, see Configure the deployment directory. You can also set a separate deployment directory for Pump.
## Binlog Part [pump_servers] pump1 ansible_host=172.16.10.72 deploy_dir=/data1/pump pump2 ansible_host=172.16.10.73 deploy_dir=/data1/pump pump3 ansible_host=172.16.10.74 deploy_dir=/data1/pump
-
-
Deploy and start the TiDB cluster.
For how to use Ansible to deploy the TiDB cluster, see Deploy TiDB Using Ansible. When Binlog is enabled, Pump is deployed and started by default.
-
Check the Pump status.
Use
binlogctl
to check the Pump status. Change thepd-urls
parameter to the PD address of the cluster. IfState
isonline
, Pump is started successfully.$ cd /home/tidb/tidb-ansible $ resources/bin/binlogctl -pd-urls=http://172.16.10.72:2379 -cmd pumps 2018/09/21 16:45:54 nodes.go:46: [info] pump: &{NodeID:ip-172-16-10-72:8250 Addr:172.16.10.72:8250 State:online IsAlive:false Score:0 Label:<nil> MaxCommitTS:0 UpdateTS:403051525690884099} 2018/09/21 16:45:54 nodes.go:46: [info] pump: &{NodeID:ip-172-16-10-73:8250 Addr:172.16.10.73:8250 State:online IsAlive:false Score:0 Label:<nil> MaxCommitTS:0 UpdateTS:403051525703991299} 2018/09/21 16:45:54 nodes.go:46: [info] pump: &{NodeID:ip-172-16-10-74:8250 Addr:172.16.10.74:8250 State:online IsAlive:false Score:0 Label:<nil> MaxCommitTS:0 UpdateTS:403051525717360643}
-
Obtain
initial_commit_ts
.Run the following command to use
binlogctl
to generate thetso
information which is needed for the initial start of Drainer:$ cd /home/tidb/tidb-ansible $ resources/bin/binlogctl -pd-urls=http://127.0.0.1:2379 -cmd generate_meta INFO[0000] [pd] create pd client with endpoints [http://192.168.199.118:32379] INFO[0000] [pd] leader switches to: http://192.168.199.118:32379, previous: INFO[0000] [pd] init cluster id 6569368151110378289 2018/06/21 11:24:47 meta.go:117: [info] meta: &{CommitTS:400962745252184065}
After this command is executed, a file named
{data-dir}/savepoint
is generated. This file containstso
, whose value is used as the value of theinitial-commit-ts
parameter needed for the initial start of Drainer. -
Back up and restore all the data.
If the downstream is MySQL/TiDB, to guarantee the data integrity, you need to make a full backup and restore of the data before Drainer starts (about 10 minutes after Pump starts to run).
It is recommended to use mydumper to make a full backup of TiDB and then use Loader to export the data to the downstream. For more details, see Backup and Restore.
-
Modify the
tidb-ansible/inventory.ini
file.Add the deployment machine IPs for
drainer_servers
. Setinitial_commit_ts
to the value you have obtained, which is only used for the initial start of Drainer.-
Assume that the downstream is MySQL with the alias
drainer_mysql
:[drainer_servers] drainer_mysql ansible_host=172.16.10.71 initial_commit_ts="402899541671542785"
-
Assume that the downstream is
pb
with the aliasdrainer_pb
:[drainer_servers] drainer_pb ansible_host=172.16.10.71 initial_commit_ts="402899541671542785"
-
-
Modify the configuration file.
-
Assume that the downstream is MySQL:
$ cd /home/tidb/tidb-ansible/conf $ cp drainer.toml drainer_mysql_drainer.toml $ vi drainer_mysql_drainer.toml
Note: Name the configuration file as
alias_drainer.toml
. Otherwise, the customized configuration file cannot be found during the deployment process.Set
db-type
tomysql
and configure the downstream MySQL information:# downstream storage, equal to --dest-db-type # Valid values are "mysql", "pb", "kafka", "flash", and "tidb". db-type = "mysql" # the downstream MySQL protocol database [syncer.to] host = "172.16.10.72" user = "root" password = "123456" port = 3306 # Time and size limits for flash batch write # time-limit = "30s" # size-limit = "100000"
-
Assume that the downstream is
pb
:$ cd /home/tidb/tidb-ansible/conf $ cp drainer.toml drainer_pb_drainer.toml $ vi drainer_pb_drainer.toml
Set
db-type
topb
.# downstream storage, equal to --dest-db-type # Valid values are "mysql", "pb", "kafka", "flash", and "tidb". db-type = "pb" # Uncomment this if you want to use `pb` or `sql` as `db-type`. # `Compress` compresses the output file, like the `pb` and `sql` file. Now it supports the `gzip` algorithm only. # The value can be `gzip`. Leave it empty to disable compression. [syncer.to] compression = "" # default data directory: "{{ deploy_dir }}/data.drainer" # dir = "data.drainer"
-
-
Deploy Drainer.
$ ansible-playbook deploy_drainer.yml
-
Start Drainer.
$ ansible-playbook start_drainer.yml
TiDB(v2.0.8-binlog, v2.1.0-rc.5 or the later version)
wget https://download.pingcap.org/tidb-{version}-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://download.pingcap.org/tidb-{version}-linux-amd64.sha256
# Check the file integrity. It should return OK.
sha256sum -c tidb-v2.0.8-binlog-linux-amd64.sha256
Pump && Drainer
wget https://download.pingcap.org/tidb-binlog-cluster-latest-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://download.pingcap.org/tidb-binlog-cluster-latest-linux-amd64.sha256
# Check the file integrity. It should return OK.
sha256sum -c tidb-binlog-cluster-latest-linux-amd64.sha256
Assuming that you have three PD nodes, one TiDB node, two Pump nodes, and one Drainer node, the information of each node is as follows:
TiDB="192.168.0.10"
PD1="192.168.0.16"
PD2="192.168.0.15"
PD3="192.168.0.14"
Pump="192.168.0.11"
Pump="192.168.0.12"
Drainer="192.168.0.13"
The following part shows how to use Pump and Drainer based on the nodes above.
-
Deploy Pump using the binary.
-
Taking deploying Pump on "192.168.0.11" as an example, the description for command line parameters of Pump is as follows:
Usage of Pump: -L string the output information level of logs: debug, info, warn, error, fatal ("info" by default) -V the print version information -addr string the RPC address through which Pump provides the service (-addr="192.168.0.11:8250") -advertise-addr string the RPC address through which Pump provides the external service (-advertise-addr="192.168.0.11:8250") -config string the path of the configuration file. If you specify the configuration file, Pump reads the configuration in the configuration file first. If the corresponding configuration also exits in the command line parameters, Pump uses the configuration of the command line parameters to cover that of the configuration file. -data-dir string the path where the Pump data is stored -enable-tolerant After `tolerant` is enabled, Pump (enabled by default) does not report an error if the binlog fails to write into Pump. -gc int the number of days to retain the data in Pump (7 by default) -heartbeat-interval int the interval of the heartbeats Pump sends to PD (in seconds) -log-file string the file path of logs -log-rotate string the switch frequency of logs (hour/day) -metrics-addr string the Prometheus Pushgateway address. If not set, it is forbidden to report the monitoring metrics. -metrics-interval int the report frequency of the monitoring metrics (15 by default, in seconds) -pd-urls string the address of the PD cluster nodes (-pd-urls="http://192.168.0.16:2379,http://192.168.0.15:2379,http://192.168.0.14:2379")
-
Taking deploying Pump on "192.168.0.11" as an example, the Pump configuration file is as follows:
# Pump Configuration # the bound address of Pump addr = "192.168.0.11:8250" # the address through which Pump provides the service advertise-addr = "192.168.0.11:8250" # the number of days to retain the data in Pump (7 by default) gc = 7 # the directory where the Pump data is stored data-dir = "data.pump" # the interval of the heartbeats Pump sends to PD (in seconds) heartbeat-interval = 2 # the address of the PD cluster nodes pd-urls = "http://192.168.0.16:2379,http://192.168.0.15:2379,http://192.168.0.14:2379"
-
The example of starting Pump:
./bin/pump -config pump.toml
If the command line parameters is the same with the configuration file parameters, the values of command line parameters are used.
-
-
Deploy Drainer using binary.
-
Taking deploying Drainer on "192.168.0.13" as an example, the description for command line parameters of Drainer is as follows:
Usage of Drainer: -L string the output information level of logs: debug, info, warn, error, fatal ("info" by default) -V the print version information -addr string the address through which Drainer provides the service (-addr="192.168.0.13:8249") -c int the number of the concurrency of the downstream for synchronization. The bigger the value, the better throughput performance of the concurrency (1 by default). -config string the directory of the configuration file. Drainer reads the configuration file first. If the corresponding configuration exists in the command line parameters, Drainer uses the configuration of the command line parameters to cover that of the configuration file. -data-dir string the directory where the Drainer data is stored ("data.drainer" by default) -dest-db-type string the downstream service type of Drainer The value can be "mysql", "kafka", "pb", "flash", and "tidb". ("mysql" by default) -detect-interval int the interval of checking the online Pump in PD (10 by default, in seconds) -disable-detect whether to disable the conflict monitoring -disable-dispatch whether to disable the SQL feature of splitting a single binlog file. If it is set to "true", each binlog file is restored to a single transaction for synchronization based on the order of binlogs. It is set to "False", when the downstream is MySQL. -ignore-schemas string the db filter list ("INFORMATION_SCHEMA,PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA,mysql,test" by default) It does not support the Rename DDL operation on tables of `ignore schemas`. -initial-commit-ts If Drainer does not have the related breakpoint information, you can configure the related breakpoint information using this parameter. 0 by default -log-file string the path of the log file -log-rotate string the switch frequency of log files, hour/day -metrics-addr string the Prometheus Pushgateway address It it is not set, the monitoring metrics are not reported. -metrics-interval int the report frequency of the monitoring metrics (15 by default, in seconds) -pd-urls string the address of the PD cluster nodes (-pd-urls="http://192.168.0.16:2379,http://192.168.0.15:2379,http://192.168.0.14:2379") -safe-mode whether to enable the safe mode (divides the Update statement to Delete + Replace) -txn-batch int the number of SQL statements of a transaction which are output to the downstream database (1 by default)
-
Taking deploying Drainer on "192.168.0.13" as an example, the Drainer configuration file is as follows:
# Drainer Configuration. # the address through which Drainer provides the service ("192.168.0.13:8249") addr = "192.168.0.13:8249" # the interval of checking the online Pump in PD (10 by default, in seconds) detect-interval = 10 # the directory where the Drainer data is stored "data.drainer" by default) data-dir = "data.drainer" # the address of the PD cluster nodes pd-urls = "http://192.168.0.16:2379,http://192.168.0.15:2379,http://192.168.0.14:2379" # the directory of the log file log-file = "drainer.log" # Syncer Configuration [syncer] # the db filter list ("INFORMATION_SCHEMA,PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA,mysql,test" by default) # Does not support the Rename DDL operation on tables of `ignore schemas`. ignore-schemas = "INFORMATION_SCHEMA,PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA,mysql" # the number of SQL statements of a transaction which are output to the downstream database (1 by default) txn-batch = 1 # the number of the concurrency of the downstream for synchronization. The bigger the value, # the better throughput performance of the concurrency (1 by default) worker-count = 1 # whether to disable the SQL feature of splitting a single binlog file. If it is set to "true", # each binlog file is restored to a single transaction for synchronization based on the order of binlogs. # If the downstream service is MySQL, set it to "False". disable-dispatch = false # the downstream service type of Drainer ("mysql" by default) # Valid value: "mysql", "kafka", "pb", "flash", "tidb" db-type = "mysql" # `replicate-do-db` has priority over `replicate-do-table`. When they have the same `db` name, # regular expressions are supported for configuration. # The regular expression should start with "~". # replicate-do-db = ["~^b.*","s1"] # [[syncer.replicate-do-table]] # db-name ="test" # tbl-name = "log" # [[syncer.replicate-do-table]] # db-name ="test" # tbl-name = "~^a.*" # the server parameters of the downstream database when `db-type` is set to "mysql" [syncer.to] host = "192.168.0.13" user = "root" password = "" port = 3306 # the directory where the binlog file is stored when `db-type` is set to `pb` # [syncer.to] # dir = "data.drainer" # the Kafka configuration when `db-type` is set to "kafka" # [syncer.to] # zookeeper-addrs = "127.0.0.1:2181" # kafka-addrs = "127.0.0.1:9092" # kafka-version = "0.8.2.0"
-
The example of starting Pump:
Note: If the downstream is MySQL/TiDB, to guarantee the data integrity, you need to obtain the
initial-commit-ts
value and make a full backup of the data and restore the data before the initial start of Drainer. For details, see Deploy Drainer.When Pump is started for the first time, use the
initial-commit-ts
parameter../bin/drainer -config drainer.toml -initial-commit-ts {initial-commit-ts}
If the command line parameter and the configuration file parameter are the same, the parameter value in the command line is used.
-
Pump/Drainer state description:
online
: running normally.pausing
: in the pausing process. It turns into this state after you usekill
or press Ctrl + C to exit from the process.paused
: has been stopped. While Pump is in this state, it rejects the request of writing binlog into it and does not provide the binlog for Drainer any more. When Drainer is in this state, it does not synchronize data to the downstream. After Pump and Drainer exit normally from all the threads, they switch the state topaused
and then exits from the process.closing
: in the offline process.binlogctl
is used to get Pump/Drainer offline and Pump/Drainer is in this state before the process exits. In this state, Pump does not accept new requests of writing binlog into it and waits for all the binlog data to be used up by Drainer.offline
: becomes offline. After Pump sents all the binlog data that it saves to Drainer, its state is switched tooffline
. Drainer's state can be switched tooffline
after all the threads have exited.
Notes:
- When Pump/Drainer is
pausing
orpaused
, the data synchronization is interrupted.- When Pump is
closing
, you need to guarantee that all the data has been consumed by all the Drainers that are notoffline
. So before making Pump offline, you need to guarantee all the Drainers areonline
; otherwise, Pump cannot get offline normally.- The binlog data that Pump saves is processed by GC only when it has been consumed by all the Drainers that are not
offline
.- Close Drainer only when it will not be used any more.
For how to pause, close, check, and modify the state of Drainer, see the binlogctl guide as follows.
binlogctl
is an operations tool for TiDB-Binlog with the following features:
- Obtaining the current
ts
- Checking the Pump/Drainer state
- Modifying the Pump/Drainer state
- Pausing or closing Pump/Drainer
- It is the first time you run Drainer and you need to obtain the current
ts
. - When Pump/Drainer exits abnormally, its state is not updated and the service is affected. You can use this tool to modify the state.
- An error occurs during synchronization and you need to check the running status and the Pump/Drainer state.
- While maintaining the cluster, you need to pause or close Pump/Drainer.
Download binlogctl
via:
wget https://download.pingcap.org/binlogctl-new-linux-amd64.tar.gz
wget https://download.pingcap.org/binlogctl-new-linux-amd64.sha256
# Check the file integrity. It should return OK.
sha256sum -c tidb-binlog-new-linux-amd64.sha256
Command line parameters:
Usage of binlogctl:
-V
Outputs the binlogctl version information
-cmd string
the command mode, including "generate_meta", "pumps", "drainers", "update-pump" ,"update-drainer", "pause-pump", "pause-drainer", "offline-pump", and "offline-drainer"
-data-dir string
the file path where the checkpoint file of Drainer is stored ("binlog_position" by default)
-node-id string
ID of Pump/Drainer
-pd-urls string
the address of PD. If multiple addresses exist, use "," to separate each ("http://127.0.0.1:2379" by default)
-ssl-ca string
the file path of SSL CAs
-ssl-cert string
the file path of the X509 certificate file in the PEM format
-ssl-key string
the file path of X509 key file of the PEM format
-time-zone string
If a time zone is set, the corresponding time of the obtained `tso` is printed in the "generate_meta" mode. For example, "Asia/Shanghai" is the CST time zone and "Local" is the local time zone
Command example:
-
Check the state of all the Pumps or Drainers:
bin/binlogctl -pd-urls=http://127.0.0.1:2379 -cmd pumps/drainers 2018/06/21 11:24:10 nodes.go:53: [info] pump: &{NodeID:ip-192-168-199-118:8250 Host:127.0.0.1:8250 IsAlive:true IsOffline:false LatestFilePos:{Suffix:0 Offset:15320} LatestKafkaPos:{Suffix:0 Offset:382} OfflineTS:0}
-
Modify the Pump/Drainer state:
The Pump/Drainer states include `online`, `pausing`, `paused`, `closing` and `offline`. bin/binlogctl -pd-urls=http://127.0.0.1:2379 -cmd update-pump/update-drainer -node-id ip-127-0-0-1:8250/{nodeID} -state {state}
This command modifies the Pump/Drainer state saved in PD.
-
Pause or close Pump/Drainer:
bin/binlogctl -pd-urls=http://127.0.0.1:2379 -cmd pause-pump/pause-drainer/offline-pump/offline-drainer -node-id ip-127-0-0-1:8250/{nodeID}
binlogctl
sends the HTTP request to Pump/Drainer, and Pump/Drainer exits from the process after receiving the command and sets its state topaused
/offline
. -
Generate the meta file that Drainer needs to start:
bin/binlogctl -pd-urls=http://127.0.0.1:2379 -cmd generate_meta INFO[0000] [pd] create pd client with endpoints [http://192.168.199.118:32379] INFO[0000] [pd] leader switches to: http://192.168.199.118:32379, previous: INFO[0000] [pd] init cluster id 6569368151110378289 2018/06/21 11:24:47 meta.go:117: [info] meta: &{CommitTS:400962745252184065}
This command generates a
{data-dir}/savepoint
file. This file stores thetso
information which is needed for the initial start of Drainer.
After you have deployed TiDB-Binlog using Ansible successfully, you can go to the Grafana Web (default address: http://grafana_ip:3000, default account: admin, password: admin) to check the state of Pump and Drainer.
For TiDB-Binlog monitoring metrics, see TiDB-Binlog Monitoring Metrics.
The cluster version of TiDB-Binlog is not compatible with the Kafka or local version of TiDB-Binlog. If TiDB is upgraded to a new version (v2.0.8-binlog, v2.1.0-rc.5 or later), only the cluster version of TiDB-Binlog can be used; if the Kafka or local version of TiDB-Binlog is used before upgrading, you need to upgrade TiDB-Binlog to the cluster version.
-
If importing the full data is acceptable, you can abandon the old version and deploy TiDB-Binlog following this document.
-
If you want to resume synchronization from the original checkpoint, perform the following steps to upgrade TiDB-Binlog:
- Deploy the new version of Pump.
- Stop the TiDB cluster service.
- Upgrade TiDB and the configuration, and write the binlog data to the new Pump cluster.
- Reconnect the TiDB cluster to the service.
- Make sure that the old version of Drainer has synchronized the data in the old version of Pump to the downstream completely.
- Start the new version of Drainer.
- Close the Pump and Drainer of the old versions and the dependent Kafka and Zookeeper.