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state_pattern.py
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state_pattern.py
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'''
状态模式：解决根据状态选择操作的分支条件问题。
'''
import abc, random
class Work(object):
"""带状态的工作类，根据它不同的状态对它进行不同的操作。"""
def __init__(self, name):
super(Work, self).__init__()
self.name = name
self.state = StateA('default')
def set_state(self, state):
'''设置由哪个状态对象开始判断。'''
self.state = state
def change(self):
self.state_value = random.randint(0, 5)
class BasicState(object):
"""状态基类，各个具体状态继承这个类"""
def __init__(self, name):
super(BasicState, self).__init__()
self.name = name
@abc.abstractmethod
def Work(self, work):
'''各个状态对应操作的抽象方法，具体操作由子类实现'''
class StateA(BasicState):
"""状态 A 的具体实现"""
def Work(self, work):
if 0 <= work.state_value < 2:
print('StateA {} is working on {}...{}'.format(self.name, work.name, work.state_value))
else:
state = StateB('Jerry')
state.Work(work)
class StateB(BasicState):
"""状态 B 的具体实现"""
def Work(self, work):
if 2 <= work.state_value < 4:
print('StateB {} is working on {}...{}'.format(self.name, work.name, work.state_value))
else:
state = StateC('Winnie')
state.Work(work)
class StateC(BasicState):
"""状态 C 的具体实现"""
def Work(self, work):
if 4 <= work.state_value < 6:
print('StateC {} is working on {}...{}'.format(self.name, work.name, work.state_value))
else:
state = StateA('Tom')
state.Work(work)
if __name__ == '__main__':
for i in range(10):
work = Work('worker0_0')
work.change()
StateA('Micky').Work(work) # 客户端无需再做分支条件选择，可从第一个状态调用。如果状态连接成闭环，则可从任何一个状态开始调用。
work.change()
StateC('Puppy').Work(work)
# StateA('Tom').Work(0)
# StateA('Tom').Work(1)
# StateA('Tom').Work(2)
# StateA('Tom').Work(3)
# StateA('Tom').Work(4)
# StateA('Tom').Work(5)
# print('---------------- 等差数列求和 -----------------')
# def sum_n(An):
# return (An/2)*(1+An) # 仅当 d = 1 时。
# print(sum_n(100), sum_n(50), sum_n(10), sum_n(5))
# def sum_n2(n, d):
# return n + n*(n - 1)*d/2 # 仅当 A1 = 1 时。
# print(sum_n2(100, 1), sum_n2(50, 1), sum_n2(10, 1), sum_n2(5, 1))
# print(sum_n2(100, 2), sum_n2(50, 2), sum_n2(10, 2), sum_n2(5, 2))
# print(sum_n2(50, 2), sum_n2(25, 2), sum_n2(5, 2), sum_n2(2, 2))
# print(sum_n2(34, 3), sum_n2(17, 3), sum_n2(4, 3), sum_n2(2, 3))
# # def sum_n3(an, d):
# # return (an*d/2)*(1+an) # 公式错误，不存在这个公式。
# # print(sum_n3(100, 2), sum_n3(50, 2), sum_n3(10, 2), sum_n3(5, 2))
# def sum_n3(an, d):
# n = an // d
# print(1 + (n-1)*d)
# return sum_n2(n, d)
# print(sum_n3(100, 2), sum_n3(50, 2), sum_n3(10, 2), sum_n3(5, 2)) # 等于 print(sum_n2(50, 2), sum_n2(25, 2), sum_n2(5, 2), sum_n2(2, 2))
# def sum_n4(A1, n, d):
# return n*A1 + n*(n-1)*d//2
# print('按等差数列求和公式计算：', sum_n4(20, 30, 3))
# print(sum([1,3,5,7,9, 11,13,15,17,19]))
# an = 2.194 * 10**2 * pow(10, 3)
# print(sum_n(an))
# print(sum_n2(an, 1))