Pandas - Python Data Playbook - Cleaning Data/02.Removing and Fixing Columns with pandas - Art Works Analysis.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"Data/artwork_sample.csv\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>id</th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistId</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
       "      <th>medium</th>\n",
       "      <th>creditLine</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>acquisitionYear</th>\n",
       "      <th>dimensions</th>\n",
       "      <th>width</th>\n",
       "      <th>height</th>\n",
       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailUrl</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1035</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 394 x 419 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>419</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1036</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     id accession_number         artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "0  1035           A00001  Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "1  1036           A00002  Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title        dateText  \\\n",
       "0  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...  date not known   \n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...  date not known   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                            creditLine  year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0  Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922   NaN             1922   \n",
       "1  Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922   NaN             1922   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                       thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.head(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 1) Dropping Columns and Rows"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Dropping rows\n",
    "- df.drop(rownumber, axis = 0)\n",
    "- df.drop(labels = [row_numbers_list])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>id</th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistId</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
       "      <th>medium</th>\n",
       "      <th>creditLine</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>acquisitionYear</th>\n",
       "      <th>dimensions</th>\n",
       "      <th>width</th>\n",
       "      <th>height</th>\n",
       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailUrl</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1036</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>1037</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1038</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>1039</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>1040</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00006</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 240 x 338 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "      <td>338</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>1041</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00007</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Baffled Devils Fighting</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 242 x 334 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>242</td>\n",
       "      <td>334</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>1042</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00008</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 246 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>246</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>1043</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 241 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>241</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>1044</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     id accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "1  1036           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "2  1037           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3  1038           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "4  1039           A00005  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "5  1040           A00006  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "6  1041           A00007  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "7  1042           A00008  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "8  1043           A00009  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "9  1044           A00010  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "2  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "4  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "5      Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "6                        The Baffled Devils Fighting  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "7  The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "8                 The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "9                 The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                        medium  \\\n",
       "1                            Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2  Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                            Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                      Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "5                      Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "6                      Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "7                      Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "8                      Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "9                      Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "5  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "6  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "7  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "8  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "9  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "5    image: 240 x 338 mm    240     338    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "6    image: 242 x 334 mm    242     334    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "7    image: 246 x 340 mm    246     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "8    image: 241 x 335 mm    241     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "9    image: 243 x 340 mm    243     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                       thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "5                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "6                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "7                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "8                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "9                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...  \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.drop(0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>id</th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistId</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
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       "      <th>width</th>\n",
       "      <th>height</th>\n",
       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailUrl</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1036</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1038</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>1040</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00006</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 240 x 338 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "      <td>338</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>1041</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00007</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Baffled Devils Fighting</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 242 x 334 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>242</td>\n",
       "      <td>334</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>1042</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00008</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 246 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>246</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>1043</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 241 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>241</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>1044</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     id accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "1  1036           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3  1038           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "5  1040           A00006  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "6  1041           A00007  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "7  1042           A00008  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "8  1043           A00009  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "9  1044           A00010  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "5      Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "6                        The Baffled Devils Fighting  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "7  The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "8                 The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "9                 The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                    medium                                         creditLine  \\\n",
       "1        Graphite on paper                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922   \n",
       "3        Graphite on paper                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922   \n",
       "5  Line engraving on paper  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...   \n",
       "6  Line engraving on paper  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...   \n",
       "7  Line engraving on paper  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...   \n",
       "8  Line engraving on paper  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...   \n",
       "9  Line engraving on paper  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...   \n",
       "\n",
       "     year  acquisitionYear             dimensions  width  height  depth units  \\\n",
       "1     NaN             1922  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm   \n",
       "3     NaN             1922  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm   \n",
       "5  1826.0             1919    image: 240 x 338 mm    240     338    NaN    mm   \n",
       "6  1826.0             1919    image: 242 x 334 mm    242     334    NaN    mm   \n",
       "7  1826.0             1919    image: 246 x 340 mm    246     340    NaN    mm   \n",
       "8  1826.0             1919    image: 241 x 335 mm    241     335    NaN    mm   \n",
       "9  1826.0             1919    image: 243 x 340 mm    243     340    NaN    mm   \n",
       "\n",
       "   inscription  thumbnailCopyright  \\\n",
       "1          NaN                 NaN   \n",
       "3          NaN                 NaN   \n",
       "5          NaN                 NaN   \n",
       "6          NaN                 NaN   \n",
       "7          NaN                 NaN   \n",
       "8          NaN                 NaN   \n",
       "9          NaN                 NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                        thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...  \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.drop(labels = [0,2,4])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Drop column\n",
    "- df.drop(col_name, axis = 1)\n",
    "- df.drop(columns = [col_name_list]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
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       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
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       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
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       "      <td>419</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
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       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00006</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 240 x 338 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "      <td>338</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00007</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Baffled Devils Fighting</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 242 x 334 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>242</td>\n",
       "      <td>334</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00008</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 246 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>246</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 241 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>241</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "0           A00001   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "1           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "2           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "4           A00005  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "5           A00006  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "6           A00007  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "7           A00008  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "8           A00009  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "9           A00010  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "0  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...          date not known   \n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "2  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "4  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "5      Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "6                        The Baffled Devils Fighting  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "7  The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "8                 The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "9                 The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2        Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "5                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "6                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "7                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "8                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "9                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "5  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "6  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "7  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "8  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "9  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "5    image: 240 x 338 mm    240     338    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "6    image: 242 x 334 mm    242     334    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "7    image: 246 x 340 mm    246     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "8    image: 241 x 335 mm    241     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "9    image: 243 x 340 mm    243     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                       thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "5                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "6                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "7                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "8                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "9                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...  \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 8,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.drop('id', axis = 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
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       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistId</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
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       "      <th>acquisitionYear</th>\n",
       "      <th>dimensions</th>\n",
       "      <th>width</th>\n",
       "      <th>height</th>\n",
       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailUrl</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 394 x 419 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>419</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00006</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 240 x 338 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "      <td>338</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00007</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Baffled Devils Fighting</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 242 x 334 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>242</td>\n",
       "      <td>334</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00008</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 246 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>246</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 241 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>241</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "0           A00001   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "1           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "2           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "4           A00005  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "5           A00006  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "6           A00007  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "7           A00008  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "8           A00009  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "9           A00010  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "0  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...          date not known   \n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "2  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "4  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "5      Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "6                        The Baffled Devils Fighting  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "7  The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "8                 The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "9                 The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2        Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "5                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "6                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "7                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "8                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "9                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "5  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "6  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "7  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "8  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "9  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "5    image: 240 x 338 mm    240     338    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "6    image: 242 x 334 mm    242     334    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "7    image: 246 x 340 mm    246     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "8    image: 241 x 335 mm    241     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "9    image: 243 x 340 mm    243     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                       thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "5                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "6                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "7                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "8                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "9                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...  \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# if we don't want to remember the axis, then use the following alternative approach\n",
    "data.drop(columns = [\"id\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
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       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
       "      <th>medium</th>\n",
       "      <th>creditLine</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>acquisitionYear</th>\n",
       "      <th>dimensions</th>\n",
       "      <th>width</th>\n",
       "      <th>height</th>\n",
       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailUrl</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 394 x 419 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>419</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00006</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 240 x 338 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "      <td>338</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00007</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 242 x 334 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>242</td>\n",
       "      <td>334</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00008</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 246 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>246</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 241 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>241</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  accession_number          artist artistRole                dateText  \\\n",
       "0           A00001   Blake, Robert     artist          date not known   \n",
       "1           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist          date not known   \n",
       "2           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist          date not known   \n",
       "4           A00005  Blake, William     artist  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "5           A00006  Blake, William     artist  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "6           A00007  Blake, William     artist  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "7           A00008  Blake, William     artist  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "8           A00009  Blake, William     artist  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "9           A00010  Blake, William     artist  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2        Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "5                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "6                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "7                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "8                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "9                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "5  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "6  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "7  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "8  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "9  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "5    image: 240 x 338 mm    240     338    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "6    image: 242 x 334 mm    242     334    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "7    image: 246 x 340 mm    246     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "8    image: 241 x 335 mm    241     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "9    image: 243 x 340 mm    243     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                       thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "5                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "6                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "7                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "8                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "9                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...  \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.drop(columns = [\"id\", \"artistId\", \"title\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "---------"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "dropping won't change the original data frame unless you tell them. "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>id</th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistId</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
       "      <th>medium</th>\n",
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       "      <th>height</th>\n",
       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailUrl</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1035</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 394 x 419 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>419</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1036</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>1037</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1038</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>1039</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     id accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "0  1035           A00001   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "1  1036           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "2  1037           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3  1038           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "4  1039           A00005  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "0  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...          date not known   \n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "2  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "4  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2        Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                       thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## to make changes on original data frame, use `inplace` keyword"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
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       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistId</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
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       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailUrl</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 394 x 419 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>419</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "0           A00001   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "1           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "2           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "4           A00005  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "0  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...          date not known   \n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "2  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "4  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2        Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                       thumbnailUrl  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.drop(columns = [\"id\"], inplace = True)\n",
    "data.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Dropping columns are useful when you have existing dataframe you have already imported.\n",
    "but you can also import only necessary columns during importing in the first place."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "--------------"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## selection of only specific columns during importing from csv, `usecols`\n",
    "pd.read_csv(\"test.csv, usecols = [list_of_columns])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"Data/artwork_sample.csv\", usecols = [\"artist\", \"title\"])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "           artist                                              title\n",
       "0   Blake, Robert  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...\n",
       "1   Blake, Robert  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...\n",
       "2   Blake, Robert  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...\n",
       "3   Blake, Robert     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms\n",
       "4  Blake, William  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini..."
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "------------"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 2) Changing Columns Casing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"Data/artwork_sample.csv\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistRole', 'artistId', 'title',\n",
       "       'dateText', 'medium', 'creditLine', 'year', 'acquisitionYear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailCopyright', 'thumbnailUrl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## change the casing of column name\n",
    "- data.columns.str.lower()\n",
    "- data.columns = [x.lower() for x in data.columns]\n",
    "- data.columns = map(lambda x : x.lower(), data.columns)\n",
    "- using regex "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
       "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 23,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# directly using lower method\n",
    "data.columns.str.lower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['id',\n",
       " 'accession_number',\n",
       " 'artist',\n",
       " 'artistrole',\n",
       " 'artistid',\n",
       " 'title',\n",
       " 'datetext',\n",
       " 'medium',\n",
       " 'creditline',\n",
       " 'year',\n",
       " 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       " 'dimensions',\n",
       " 'width',\n",
       " 'height',\n",
       " 'depth',\n",
       " 'units',\n",
       " 'inscription',\n",
       " 'thumbnailcopyright',\n",
       " 'thumbnailurl',\n",
       " 'url']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 24,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# alternative approach: loop through \n",
    "[x.lower() for x in data.columns]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistRole', 'artistId', 'title',\n",
       "       'dateText', 'medium', 'creditLine', 'year', 'acquisitionYear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailCopyright', 'thumbnailUrl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# to make changes, need to assign\n",
    "data.columns = [x.lower() for x in data.columns]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
       "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 3rd approach using map"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"Data/artwork_sample.csv\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
       "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# using map\n",
    "data.columns = map(lambda x : x.lower(), data.columns)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
       "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 34,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Changing specific columns using `regex`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"Data/artwork_sample.csv\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistRole', 'artistId', 'title',\n",
       "       'dateText', 'medium', 'creditLine', 'year', 'acquisitionYear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailCopyright', 'thumbnailUrl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import re"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data.columns = [re.sub(r'([A-Z])', r'_\\1', x).lower() for x in data.columns]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artist_role', 'artist_id', 'title',\n",
       "       'date_text', 'medium', 'credit_line', 'year', 'acquisition_year',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnail_copyright', 'thumbnail_url', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "----------"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 3) Renaming Columns\n",
    "- df.rename(columns = {old_col: new_col})\n",
    "- df.rename({old_col : new_col}, axis = 1)\n",
    "- df.rename(columns = lambda x: x.lower(), inplace = True)\n",
    "- df.columns = [column_name_list]\n",
    "- pd.read_csv(\"test.csv\", header = 0, names = [list_of_columns_name_that_we_want_to_use])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"Data/artwork_sample.csv\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistRole', 'artistId', 'title',\n",
       "       'dateText', 'medium', 'creditLine', 'year', 'acquisitionYear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailCopyright', 'thumbnailUrl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>id</th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistRole</th>\n",
       "      <th>artistId</th>\n",
       "      <th>title</th>\n",
       "      <th>dateText</th>\n",
       "      <th>medium</th>\n",
       "      <th>creditLine</th>\n",
       "      <th>year</th>\n",
       "      <th>acquisitionYear</th>\n",
       "      <th>dimensions</th>\n",
       "      <th>width</th>\n",
       "      <th>height</th>\n",
       "      <th>depth</th>\n",
       "      <th>units</th>\n",
       "      <th>inscription</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
       "      <th>thumbnail</th>\n",
       "      <th>url</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1035</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 394 x 419 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>419</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1036</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>1037</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1038</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>1039</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>1040</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00006</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 240 x 338 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "      <td>338</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>1041</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00007</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Baffled Devils Fighting</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 242 x 334 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>242</td>\n",
       "      <td>334</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>1042</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00008</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 246 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>246</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>1043</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 241 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>241</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>1044</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     id accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "0  1035           A00001   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "1  1036           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "2  1037           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3  1038           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "4  1039           A00005  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "5  1040           A00006  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "6  1041           A00007  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "7  1042           A00008  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "8  1043           A00009  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "9  1044           A00010  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "0  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...          date not known   \n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "2  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "4  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "5      Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "6                        The Baffled Devils Fighting  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "7  The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "8                 The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "9                 The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2        Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "5                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "6                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "7                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "8                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "9                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "5  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "6  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "7  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "8  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "9  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "5    image: 240 x 338 mm    240     338    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "6    image: 242 x 334 mm    242     334    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "7    image: 246 x 340 mm    246     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "8    image: 241 x 335 mm    241     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "9    image: 243 x 340 mm    243     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                          thumbnail  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "5                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "6                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "7                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "8                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "9                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...  \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 47,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.rename(columns = {\"thumbnailUrl\": \"thumbnail\"})"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>id</th>\n",
       "      <th>accession_number</th>\n",
       "      <th>artist</th>\n",
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       "      <th>thumbnailCopyright</th>\n",
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       "      <th>url</th>\n",
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       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>1035</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00001</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 394 x 419 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>419</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>1036</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00002</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 311 x 213 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>311</td>\n",
       "      <td>213</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>1037</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00003</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...</td>\n",
       "      <td>?c.1785</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>1785.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 343 x 467 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>343</td>\n",
       "      <td>467</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>1038</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00004</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, Robert</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>38</td>\n",
       "      <td>Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms</td>\n",
       "      <td>date not known</td>\n",
       "      <td>Graphite on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>1922</td>\n",
       "      <td>support: 318 x 394 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>318</td>\n",
       "      <td>394</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>1039</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00005</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
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       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>1040</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00006</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 240 x 338 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>240</td>\n",
       "      <td>338</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>1041</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00007</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Baffled Devils Fighting</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 242 x 334 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>242</td>\n",
       "      <td>334</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>7</th>\n",
       "      <td>1042</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00008</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 246 x 340 mm</td>\n",
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       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>1043</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00009</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 241 x 335 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>241</td>\n",
       "      <td>335</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>1044</td>\n",
       "      <td>A00010</td>\n",
       "      <td>Blake, William</td>\n",
       "      <td>artist</td>\n",
       "      <td>39</td>\n",
       "      <td>The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826–7, reprinted 1892</td>\n",
       "      <td>Line engraving on paper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...</td>\n",
       "      <td>1826.0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1919</td>\n",
       "      <td>image: 243 x 340 mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>243</td>\n",
       "      <td>340</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>mm</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...</td>\n",
       "      <td>http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...</td>\n",
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     id accession_number          artist artistRole  artistId  \\\n",
       "0  1035           A00001   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "1  1036           A00002   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "2  1037           A00003   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "3  1038           A00004   Blake, Robert     artist        38   \n",
       "4  1039           A00005  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "5  1040           A00006  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "6  1041           A00007  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "7  1042           A00008  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "8  1043           A00009  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "9  1044           A00010  Blake, William     artist        39   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                               title                dateText  \\\n",
       "0  A Figure Bowing before a Seated Old Man with h...          date not known   \n",
       "1  Two Drawings of Frightened Figures, Probably f...          date not known   \n",
       "2  The Preaching of Warning. Verso: An Old Man En...                 ?c.1785   \n",
       "3     Six Drawings of Figures with Outstretched Arms          date not known   \n",
       "4  The Circle of the Lustful: Francesca da Rimini...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "5      Ciampolo the Barrator Tormented by the Devils  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "6                        The Baffled Devils Fighting  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "7  The Six-Footed Serpent Attacking Agnolo Brunel...  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "8                 The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donati  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "9                 The Pit of Disease: The Falsifiers  1826–7, reprinted 1892   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                              medium  \\\n",
       "0  Watercolour, ink, chalk and graphite on paper....   \n",
       "1                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "2        Graphite on paper. Verso: graphite on paper   \n",
       "3                                  Graphite on paper   \n",
       "4                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "5                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "6                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "7                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "8                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "9                            Line engraving on paper   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                          creditLine    year  acquisitionYear  \\\n",
       "0                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "1                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "2                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922  1785.0             1922   \n",
       "3                Presented by Mrs John Richmond 1922     NaN             1922   \n",
       "4  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "5  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "6  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "7  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "8  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "9  Purchased with the assistance of a special gra...  1826.0             1919   \n",
       "\n",
       "              dimensions  width  height  depth units  inscription  \\\n",
       "0  support: 394 x 419 mm    394     419    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "1  support: 311 x 213 mm    311     213    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "2  support: 343 x 467 mm    343     467    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "3  support: 318 x 394 mm    318     394    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "4    image: 243 x 335 mm    243     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "5    image: 240 x 338 mm    240     338    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "6    image: 242 x 334 mm    242     334    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "7    image: 246 x 340 mm    246     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "8    image: 241 x 335 mm    241     335    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "9    image: 243 x 340 mm    243     340    NaN    mm          NaN   \n",
       "\n",
       "   thumbnailCopyright                                          thumbnail  \\\n",
       "0                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "1                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "2                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "3                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "4                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "5                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "6                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "7                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "8                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "9                 NaN  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/images/work/A/A00/A...   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                                 url  \n",
       "0  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-a-fi...  \n",
       "1  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-two-...  \n",
       "2  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "3  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-six-...  \n",
       "4  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "5  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-ciam...  \n",
       "6  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "7  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "8  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  \n",
       "9  http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/blake-the-...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 49,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# alternative approach\n",
    "data.rename({\"thumbnailUrl\": \"thumbnail\"}, axis = 1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# using function ()\n",
    "data.rename(columns = lambda x: x.lower(), inplace = True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['id', 'accession_number', 'artist', 'artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
       "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 51,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 52,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# change using list \n",
    "data.columns = ['Id', 'AccessionNumber', 'Artist', 'Artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
    "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
    "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
    "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['Id', 'AccessionNumber', 'Artist', 'Artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
       "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 53,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# directly assigning new when import\n",
    "# header = 0 : we tell pandas not to use header name that included as first row in csv\n",
    "# and tell pandas to use the name that we pass as list\n",
    "\n",
    "data = pd.read_csv(\"Data/artwork_sample.csv\", header = 0, names = ['NewId', 'NewAccessionNumber', 'Artist', 'Artistrole', 'artistid', 'title',\n",
    "       'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
    "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
    "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Index(['NewId', 'NewAccessionNumber', 'Artist', 'Artistrole', 'artistid',\n",
       "       'title', 'datetext', 'medium', 'creditline', 'year', 'acquisitionyear',\n",
       "       'dimensions', 'width', 'height', 'depth', 'units', 'inscription',\n",
       "       'thumbnailcopyright', 'thumbnailurl', 'url'],\n",
       "      dtype='object')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 57,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data.columns"
   ]
  }
 ],
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