Add HSV tax estimation

[john-p-ryan]

Estimates the marginal tax rates using the functional form from Heathcote, Storesletten, Violante (2017). That is,

$$T(z) = z - \lambda z^{-\tau}$$

The estimate for $\tau$ is about .08 to .1 depending on the sample, which is lower than the literature, but otherwise is consistent.

[jdebacker]

@john-p-ryan Thanks for this PR! Can you resolve the conflicts with the master branch and then I'll merge?

[john-p-ryan]

Sorry for the conflict, should be resolved now. It was just regarding the normalization of the weights. It should be normalized using the density rather than just the sum.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 50.00000% with 13 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 51.63%. Comparing base (10985c1) to head (8f9e24a).
Report is 27 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
iot/inverse_optimal_tax.py	50.00%	13 Missing ⚠️

❗ There is a different number of reports uploaded between BASE (10985c1) and HEAD (8f9e24a). Click for more details.

HEAD has 1 upload less than BASE

Flag	BASE (10985c1)	HEAD (8f9e24a)
unittests	3	2

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #31       +/-   ##
===========================================
- Coverage   72.81%   51.63%   -21.19%     
===========================================
  Files           3        3               
  Lines         103      153       +50     
===========================================
+ Hits           75       79        +4     
- Misses         28       74       +46     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	51.63% <50.00%> (-21.19%)	⬇️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.