Source : https://www.coursera.org/learn/bootstrap-4/supplement/cgWKo/exercise-instructions-basic-git-commands
Objectives and Outcomes In this exercise you will get familiar with some basic Git commands. At the end of this exercise you will be able to:
Set up a folder as a Git repository Perform basic Git operations on your Git repository Basic Git Commands
At a convenient location on your computer, create a folder named git-test. Open this git-test folder in your favorite editor. Add a file named index.html to this folder, and add the following HTML code to this file:
<body>
<h1>This is a Header</h1>
</body>
*Initializing the folder as a Git repository
Go to the git-test folder in your cmd window/terminal and type the following at the prompt to initialize the folder as a Git repository:
git init
*Checking your Git repository status Type the following at the prompt to check your Git repository's status: git status *Adding files to the staging area
To add files to the staging area of your Git repository, type: git add . *Commiting to the Git repository
To commit the current staging area to your Git repository, type: git commit -m "first commit" *Checking the log of Git commits
To check the log of the commits to your Git repository, type git log --oneline *Now, modify the index.html file as follows:
<body>
<h1>This is a Header</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
</body>
/To see what are the consequences of adding any folders (with or without files) or files to this current head repository/
Add a sub-folder named templates to your git-test folder, and then add a file named test.html to the templates folder. Then set the contents of this file to be the same as the index.html file above. Then check the status and add all the files to the staging area(using git add .) Then do the second commit to your repository(git commit -m "message")
Now, modify the index.html file as follows:
<body>
<h1>This is a Header</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph</p>
<p>This is a second paragraph</p>
</body>
Now add the modified index.html file to the staging area and then do a third commit.
*Checking out a file from an earlier commit To check out the index.html from the second commit, find the number of the second commit using the git log, and then type the following at the prompt: git checkout <second commit's number> index.html *Resetting the Git repository To discard the effect of the previous operation and restore index.html to its state at the end of the third commit, type: git reset HEAD index.html *Then type the following at the prompt: git checkout -- index.html