layer1

Physical (Layer 1)

The physical network is actually a software simulation provided by the VCV Rack application itself

It simulates uni-directional electrical connections from socket to socket using patch leads. Signalling is via voltages with a nominal -5V to +10V range. In fact in the simulation the sockets and leads are entirely noise and resistance free.

Torpedo makes use of this by encoding packets of data as varying voltage levels and making those voltages available at output ports. VCV Rack patch leads make those output voltages available at input ports, where Torpedo decodes the voltage level back into a packet of data.

Torpedo encodes 16 bits at a time as a 16 bit number integer, this is divided by 8192 and the resulting floating point value is placed directly onto the output port as a voltage. The nominal signal range for Torpedo outputs is therefore 0V to +8V